Most Linux hacker communication is not between individuals but by postings to open, searchable Listservs. Anyone can review the version history of the code and the Listserv debates�not executive summaries or abstracts but the raw activity itself. Linux developers produce state-of-the-art software using communication technology no more sophisticated than e-mail and Listservs�but those mundane tools are used by everyone. How Toyota and Linux Keep Collaboration Simple 8/1/2005 The Toyota and Linux communities illustrate time-tested techniques for collaboration under pressure: Share knowledge widely, frequently, and in small increments, and use universally available tools to do it.